CLIC Curated Life cycle Inventory Collection

Lithium-sulfur batteries

battery module production, for LiS battery

Reference product battery, LiS module GLO

Published Version 1.0.0 Latest published

Stable dataset identity battery-module-production-for-lis-battery

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Unit
kilogram
Reuse license
CC BY 4.0
Published
2026-07-15
Version
1.0.0
Technology maturity
See quality profile

Published inventory

Overview

Scope, source, release context, and stable identifying information.

Description

Specific energy density: 150 Wh/kg. Projected up to 500 Wh/kg in an optimistic future || Cycle life: 1500 || Lifetime: 225 kWh/kg.Source: Wickerts et al. (2023). Prospective Life Cycle Assessment of Lithium-Sulfur Batteries for Stationary Energy Storage. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00141

Source

Scientific journal publication

Wickerts et al. (2023). Prospective Life Cycle Assessment of Lithium-Sulfur Batteries for Stationary Energy Storage. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. Based on Ainsworth (2016), Peters and Weil (2017), Ellingsen et al. (2014)

Dataset details Expand Collapse

Dataset details

Classification
Lithium-sulfur batteries (materials/batteries/li-sulfur)
Background database
ecoinvent / 3.9
Background system model
cut-off
Biosphere database
ecoinvent / 3.9
Bookmarks
0
Raw file downloads
0
Generated export downloads
0

These are the source profiles for this version. Foreground modelling assumptions and allocation belong in the dataset description.

Classification path: Materials > Batteries > Lithium-sulfur batteries

Keywords

  • batteries
  • lithium-sulfur batteries

External references

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Technology profile

Technology characterization

Scale, utilization, production, and lifetime data. Missing values remain visible to guide future metadata improvements.

Commercial maturity stage
Demonstration
Design capacity
Not provided
Design capacity unit
Not provided
Capacity factor
Not provided
Annual production volume
Not provided
Annual production volume unit
Not provided
Annual production volume year
Not provided
Plant lifetime
Not provided

Inventory workspace

Inventory & impacts

Inspect every exchange and its contribution to the selected EF v3.1 indicator.

Precalculated screening profile

Environmental impacts

Results per kilogram, using UVEK 2025 and the ecoinvent 3.10 biosphere. Exchange rows are shaded from green to red by relative contribution to the selected indicator.

Climate change 48.5197 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
Screening result

This screening result uses Brightpath mappings from the source background to UVEK 2025; mapped suppliers are not claims of scientific equivalence.

Show all 16 indicator totals
Acidification 0.152452 mol H+-Eq / kilogram
Climate change 48.5197 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
Freshwater ecotoxicity 207.123 CTUe / kilogram
Freshwater eutrophication 0.0149899 kg P-Eq / kilogram
Marine eutrophication 0.028372 kg N-Eq / kilogram
Terrestrial eutrophication 0.297168 mol N-Eq / kilogram
Human toxicity, cancer 2.9632e-08 CTUh / kilogram
Human toxicity, non-cancer 6.3074e-07 CTUh / kilogram
Ionising radiation 30.9832 kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
Land use 176.244 dimensionless / kilogram
Ozone depletion 0.0220301 kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
Particulate matter 1.4472e-06 disease incidence / kilogram
Photochemical ozone formation 0.103493 kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
Resource use, fossils 900.812 MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
Resource use, minerals and metals 0.000300515 kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
Water use 237.166 m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
Calculation details

Profile uvek-2025-ef-v3-1-4e70d56a85b1 · artifact 4e70d56a85b1 · calculated 2026-09-30 13:43 UTC. These screening results do not replace a reviewed comparative LCA.

Dataset contents

Reference flows, emissions, technosphere inputs, and natural resources in this published snapshot.

Outputs

Reference flow

1 row

Reference production exchanges extracted from the uploaded inventory.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
battery module production, for LiS battery
GLO
battery, LiS module
1
kilogram - Reference flow

Inputs

Technosphere inputs

8 rows

Linked foreground or background product inputs used by this dataset.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
battery cell production, Li-S
GLO
battery cell, LiS
0.75
kilogram
Metadata (1)
Comment
Converted from battery unit to kilogram of battery. The size (41 litre) and total weight (25 kg) of a battery module, as well as the total battery cell weight in one module (19 kg), are obtained from Ainsworth
47.5192 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 97.9% of total
CLIC v1.0.0
aluminium busbar production, for LiS battery
GLO
aluminium busbar
0.01
kilogram -
0.0699884 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.1% of total
CLIC v1.0.0
bimetallic busbar production, for LiS battery
GLO
bimetallic busbar
0.02
kilogram -
0.186784 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.4% of total
CLIC v1.0.0
copper busbar production, for LiS battery
GLO
copper busbar
3.40e-03
kilogram -
0.0308903 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.1% of total
CLIC v1.0.0
market for polypropylene, granulate
GLO
polypropylene, granulate
0.11
kilogram -
0.23172 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.5% of total
BAFU:2025
market for steel, low-alloyed
GLO
steel, low-alloyed
0.1
kilogram -
0.213964 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.4% of total
BAFU:2025
market for injection moulding
GLO
injection moulding
0.11
kilogram -
0.112157 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.2% of total
BAFU:2025
market for metal working, average for steel product manufacturing
GLO
metal working, average for steel product manufacturing
0.1
kilogram -
0.155026 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.3% of total
BAFU:2025

Parameters

Read-only definitions preserved with this inventory version. Values are supplied by the source; CLIC does not evaluate formulas or recalculate exchange amounts and impact scores from them.

No parameter definitions were supplied with this inventory snapshot.

Evidence and scrutiny

Quality & review

Assess representativeness and read the public record of the scientific review.

Quality and maturity details Expand Collapse

Quality and maturity

TRL scale Higher is more mature. 9: routine commercial deployment 8: commercial, but still niche or scaling 7: first-commercial or advanced demonstration 6: engineering-scale demonstration 5: pilot or large prototype 4: bench or lab validated 3: research-stage concept Technology readiness level
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: strong market- or operating-data basis 2: commercially plausible, but still somewhat specific 3: partly representative, with modelling or adaptation bias 4: pilot, proxy-based, scaled-up, or prospective 5: weak representation of the real technology state Technological representativeness
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: geography matches the claimed scope well 2: regionally credible, but broader or less exact 3: generic regional or global proxy 4: weak proxy or clear geographic mismatch 5: geography is effectively unsupported Geographical representativeness
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: current for that technology class 2: slightly dated, but still good 3: dated enough to need caution 4: stale, pilot-era, or prospective relative to current practice 5: clearly not representative of the current state Temporal representativeness

Missing exchange uncertainty generation: Requested

Representativeness scores use a 1–5 scale when provided. Lower scores indicate a closer fit to the modeled technology, geography, or time period.

Public review record Curator-led bulk import. Public evidence is shown without participant accounts, assignments, recommendations, or private editor notes. Show review Hide review

Publication route

Curator-led bulk import

This inventory was restored from a public CLIC archive. Its original publication route is Curator-led bulk import; private review and workflow records were not transferred.

Source inventory archive

No public review transcript is available for this version.

Community

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Raw uploaded files

Contributor files preserved with this public version.

Original uploaded files were not included in the inventory archive. Generated inventory exports remain available.

Version history

Published versions are immutable and remain available.

Version Published Link
Version 1.0.0 2026-07-15 Current view
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