CLIC Curated Life cycle Inventory Collection

Sodium-ion batteries

nickel plating

Reference product nickel plating RER

Published Version 1.0.0 Latest published

Stable dataset identity nickel-plating

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Unit
square meter
Reuse license
CC BY 4.0
Published
2026-07-15
Version
1.0.0
Technology maturity
See quality profile

Published inventory

Overview

Scope, source, release context, and stable identifying information.

Description

Source: Zhang, S., Steubing, B., Potter, H. K., Hansson, P. A., & Nordberg, Å. (2024). Future climate impacts of sodium-ion batteries. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 202, 107362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107362

Source

Scientific journal publication

Zhang, S., Steubing, B., Potter, H. K., Hansson, P. A., & Nordberg, Å. (2024). Future climate impacts of sodium-ion batteries. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 202, 107362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107362

Dataset details Expand Collapse

Dataset details

Classification
Sodium-ion batteries (materials/batteries/sodium-ion)
Background database
ecoinvent / 3.9
Background system model
cut-off
Biosphere database
ecoinvent / 3.9
Bookmarks
0
Raw file downloads
0
Generated export downloads
0

These are the source profiles for this version. Foreground modelling assumptions and allocation belong in the dataset description.

Classification path: Materials > Batteries > Sodium-ion batteries

Keywords

  • batteries
  • sodium-ion batteries

External references

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Technology profile

Technology characterization

Scale, utilization, production, and lifetime data. Missing values remain visible to guide future metadata improvements.

Commercial maturity stage
Early commercial
Design capacity
Not provided
Design capacity unit
Not provided
Capacity factor
Not provided
Annual production volume
Not provided
Annual production volume unit
Not provided
Annual production volume year
Not provided
Plant lifetime
Not provided

Inventory workspace

Inventory & impacts

Inspect every exchange and its contribution to the selected EF v3.1 indicator.

Precalculated screening profile

Environmental impacts

Results per square meter, using UVEK 2025 and the ecoinvent 3.10 biosphere. Exchange rows are shaded from green to red by relative contribution to the selected indicator.

Climate change 0.0153247 kg CO2-Eq / square meter
Screening result

This screening result uses Brightpath mappings from the source background to UVEK 2025; mapped suppliers are not claims of scientific equivalence.

Show all 16 indicator totals
Acidification 3.7404e-05 mol H+-Eq / square meter
Climate change 0.0153247 kg CO2-Eq / square meter
Freshwater ecotoxicity 0.705852 CTUe / square meter
Freshwater eutrophication 3.8443e-06 kg P-Eq / square meter
Marine eutrophication -0.000147574 kg N-Eq / square meter
Terrestrial eutrophication 5.0677e-05 mol N-Eq / square meter
Human toxicity, cancer 1.0525e-10 CTUh / square meter
Human toxicity, non-cancer -6.5540e-11 CTUh / square meter
Ionising radiation 0.0191902 kBq U235-Eq / square meter
Land use 0.125981 dimensionless / square meter
Ozone depletion 2.9716e-09 kg CFC-11-Eq / square meter
Particulate matter 3.0098e-10 disease incidence / square meter
Photochemical ozone formation 2.8635e-05 kg NMVOC-Eq / square meter
Resource use, fossils 0.370635 MJ, net calorific value / square meter
Resource use, minerals and metals 6.7956e-07 kg Sb-Eq / square meter
Water use 0.00560752 m3 world Eq deprived / square meter
Calculation details

Profile uvek-2025-ef-v3-1-4e70d56a85b1 · artifact 4e70d56a85b1 · calculated 2026-09-30 13:47 UTC. These screening results do not replace a reviewed comparative LCA.

Dataset contents

Reference flows, emissions, technosphere inputs, and natural resources in this published snapshot.

Outputs

Reference flow

1 row

Reference production exchanges extracted from the uploaded inventory.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
nickel plating
RER
nickel plating
1
square meter - Reference flow

Emissions

2 rows

Elementary flows emitted from the dataset to the environment.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
Nickel II
air
3.74e-07
kilogram -
0 kg CO2-Eq / square meter 0.0% of total
EF biosphere factor
Nickel II
water
1.60e-05
kilogram -
0 kg CO2-Eq / square meter 0.0% of total
EF biosphere factor

Inputs

Technosphere inputs

4 rows

Linked foreground or background product inputs used by this dataset.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
market for wastewater, average
Europe without Switzerland
wastewater, average
-8.00e-03
cubic meter -
-0.00220853 kg CO2-Eq / square meter -14.4% of total
BAFU:2025
market for water, deionised
Europe without Switzerland
water, deionised
8
kilogram -
0.00404425 kg CO2-Eq / square meter 26.4% of total
BAFU:2025
market group for electricity, medium voltage
RER
electricity, medium voltage
0.04
kilowatt hour -
0.0136311 kg CO2-Eq / square meter 88.9% of total
BAFU:2025
treatment of average incineration residue, residual material landfill
RoW
average incineration residue
-4.72e-04
kilogram -
-0.000142108 kg CO2-Eq / square meter -0.9% of total
BAFU:2025

Natural resources

1 row

Elementary flows withdrawn from the environment by this dataset.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
Nickel
natural resource / in ground
9.37e-03
kilogram -
0 kg CO2-Eq / square meter 0.0% of total
EF biosphere factor

Parameters

Read-only definitions preserved with this inventory version. Values are supplied by the source; CLIC does not evaluate formulas or recalculate exchange amounts and impact scores from them.

No parameter definitions were supplied with this inventory snapshot.

Evidence and scrutiny

Quality & review

Assess representativeness and read the public record of the scientific review.

Quality and maturity details Expand Collapse

Quality and maturity

TRL scale Higher is more mature. 9: routine commercial deployment 8: commercial, but still niche or scaling 7: first-commercial or advanced demonstration 6: engineering-scale demonstration 5: pilot or large prototype 4: bench or lab validated 3: research-stage concept Technology readiness level
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: strong market- or operating-data basis 2: commercially plausible, but still somewhat specific 3: partly representative, with modelling or adaptation bias 4: pilot, proxy-based, scaled-up, or prospective 5: weak representation of the real technology state Technological representativeness
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: geography matches the claimed scope well 2: regionally credible, but broader or less exact 3: generic regional or global proxy 4: weak proxy or clear geographic mismatch 5: geography is effectively unsupported Geographical representativeness
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: current for that technology class 2: slightly dated, but still good 3: dated enough to need caution 4: stale, pilot-era, or prospective relative to current practice 5: clearly not representative of the current state Temporal representativeness

Missing exchange uncertainty generation: Requested

Representativeness scores use a 1–5 scale when provided. Lower scores indicate a closer fit to the modeled technology, geography, or time period.

Public review record Curator-led bulk import. Public evidence is shown without participant accounts, assignments, recommendations, or private editor notes. Show review Hide review

Publication route

Curator-led bulk import

This inventory was restored from a public CLIC archive. Its original publication route is Curator-led bulk import; private review and workflow records were not transferred.

Source inventory archive

No public review transcript is available for this version.

Community

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Files & versions

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Raw uploaded files

Contributor files preserved with this public version.

Original uploaded files were not included in the inventory archive. Generated inventory exports remain available.

Version history

Published versions are immutable and remain available.

Version Published Link
Version 1.0.0 2026-07-15 Current view
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