CLIC Curated Life cycle Inventory Collection

Perovskite photovoltaics

sputter process 1, perovskite cell

Reference product perovskite cell, sputtered 1 DE

Published Version 1.0.0 Latest published

Stable dataset identity sputter-process-1-perovskite-cell

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Unit
unit
Reuse license
CC BY-NC 3.0
Published
2026-07-15
Version
1.0.0
Technology maturity
See quality profile

Published inventory

Overview

Scope, source, release context, and stable identifying information.

Description

B03

Source

Scientific journal publication

Roffeis et al. (2022). New insights into the environmental performance of perovskite-on-silicon tandem solar cells–a life cycle assessment of industrially manufactured modules. Sustainable Energy & Fuels, 6(12), 2924-2940. DOI: 10.1039/D2SE00096B

Dataset details Expand Collapse

Dataset details

Classification
Perovskite photovoltaics (materials/photovoltaics/perovskite)
Background database
ecoinvent / 3.10
Background system model
cut-off
Biosphere database
ecoinvent / 3.10
Bookmarks
0
Raw file downloads
0
Generated export downloads
0

These are the source profiles for this version. Foreground modelling assumptions and allocation belong in the dataset description.

Classification path: Materials > Photovoltaic materials and components > Perovskite photovoltaics

Keywords

  • photovoltaic materials and components
  • perovskite photovoltaics
  • perovskite

External references

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Technology profile

Technology characterization

Scale, utilization, production, and lifetime data. Missing values remain visible to guide future metadata improvements.

Commercial maturity stage
First commercial
Design capacity
Not provided
Design capacity unit
Not provided
Capacity factor
Not provided
Annual production volume
Not provided
Annual production volume unit
Not provided
Annual production volume year
Not provided
Plant lifetime
Not provided

Inventory workspace

Inventory & impacts

Inspect every exchange and its contribution to the selected EF v3.1 indicator.

Precalculated screening profile

Environmental impacts

Results per unit, using UVEK 2025 and the ecoinvent 3.10 biosphere. Exchange rows are shaded from green to red by relative contribution to the selected indicator.

Climate change 5.26298 kg CO2-Eq / unit
Screening result

This screening result uses Brightpath mappings from the source background to UVEK 2025; mapped suppliers are not claims of scientific equivalence.

Show all 16 indicator totals
Acidification 0.0280582 mol H+-Eq / unit
Climate change 5.26298 kg CO2-Eq / unit
Freshwater ecotoxicity 27.8675 CTUe / unit
Freshwater eutrophication 0.00149492 kg P-Eq / unit
Marine eutrophication 0.0120259 kg N-Eq / unit
Terrestrial eutrophication 0.0977208 mol N-Eq / unit
Human toxicity, cancer 3.0668e-09 CTUh / unit
Human toxicity, non-cancer 5.6429e-08 CTUh / unit
Ionising radiation 1.74217 kBq U235-Eq / unit
Land use 39.5537 dimensionless / unit
Ozone depletion 6.6947e-07 kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
Particulate matter 1.7542e-07 disease incidence / unit
Photochemical ozone formation 0.0314879 kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
Resource use, fossils 86.683 MJ, net calorific value / unit
Resource use, minerals and metals 1.9115e-05 kg Sb-Eq / unit
Water use 6.76414 m3 world Eq deprived / unit
Calculation details

Profile uvek-2025-ef-v3-1-4e70d56a85b1 · artifact 4e70d56a85b1 · calculated 2026-09-28 11:12 UTC. These screening results do not replace a reviewed comparative LCA.

Dataset contents

Reference flows, emissions, technosphere inputs, and natural resources in this published snapshot.

Outputs

Reference flow

1 row

Reference production exchanges extracted from the uploaded inventory.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
sputter process 1, perovskite cell
DE
perovskite cell, sputtered 1
1
unit - Reference flow

Inputs

Technosphere inputs

12 rows

Linked foreground or background product inputs used by this dataset.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
PECVD of thin film layer, for perovskite
DE
cell, perovskite, to sputter
1
unit -
5.26184 kg CO2-Eq / unit 100.0% of total
CLIC v1.0.0
market for indium tin oxide powder, nanoscale, for sputtering target
RER
indium tin oxide powder, nanoscale, for sputtering target
2.44e-06
kilogram -
4.1360e-05 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market for oxygen, liquid
RER
oxygen, liquid
1.04e-07
kilogram
Metadata (1)
Comment
Original activity from GaBi: Oxygen (gas). Converted from Liter to kilogram (0.0014 kg/liter)
2.2041e-08 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market for argon, liquid
RER
argon, liquid
5.37e-06
kilogram
Metadata (1)
Comment
Original activity from GaBi: Argon (gas). Converted from liter to kg (0.0018 kg/liter)
8.8691e-07 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market for nitrogen, liquid
RER
nitrogen, liquid
1.16e-03
kilogram
Metadata (1)
Comment
Original activity from GaBi: Nitrogen (gas). Converted from liter to kg (0.0013 kg/liter)
0.000260297 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market group for electricity, medium voltage
Europe without Switzerland
electricity, medium voltage
0.01
kilowatt hour -
0.000979618 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
process cooling, water, for perovskite
DE
cooling water, conditioned
1.74e-03
cubic meter
Metadata (1)
Comment
X05
-0.000238692 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
CLIC v1.0.0
air compressor activity, for perovskite
DE
compressed air, 14 bar, low efficiency
8.95e-04
cubic meter -
9.3469e-05 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
CLIC v1.0.1
treatment of waste, from silicon wafer production, underground deposit
DE
waste, from silicon wafer production
-1.35e-05
kilogram -
-1.5695e-06 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market for hazardous waste, for incineration
Europe without Switzerland
hazardous waste, for incineration
-7.09e-07
kilogram -
-1.6716e-06 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
process cooling, water, for perovskite
DE
cooling water, used
-4.35e-04
cubic meter
Metadata (1)
Comment
X05
0 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
CLIC v1.0.0
process exhaust ventilators, general, for perovskite production
DE
exhaust, general
-0.04
cubic meter
Metadata (1)
Comment
X09
6.4891e-06 kg CO2-Eq / unit 0.0% of total
CLIC v1.0.0

Parameters

Read-only definitions preserved with this inventory version. Values are supplied by the source; CLIC does not evaluate formulas or recalculate exchange amounts and impact scores from them.

No parameter definitions were supplied with this inventory snapshot.

Evidence and scrutiny

Quality & review

Assess representativeness and read the public record of the scientific review.

Quality and maturity details Expand Collapse

Quality and maturity

TRL scale Higher is more mature. 9: routine commercial deployment 8: commercial, but still niche or scaling 7: first-commercial or advanced demonstration 6: engineering-scale demonstration 5: pilot or large prototype 4: bench or lab validated 3: research-stage concept Technology readiness level
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: strong market- or operating-data basis 2: commercially plausible, but still somewhat specific 3: partly representative, with modelling or adaptation bias 4: pilot, proxy-based, scaled-up, or prospective 5: weak representation of the real technology state Technological representativeness
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: geography matches the claimed scope well 2: regionally credible, but broader or less exact 3: generic regional or global proxy 4: weak proxy or clear geographic mismatch 5: geography is effectively unsupported Geographical representativeness
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: current for that technology class 2: slightly dated, but still good 3: dated enough to need caution 4: stale, pilot-era, or prospective relative to current practice 5: clearly not representative of the current state Temporal representativeness

Missing exchange uncertainty generation: Not requested

Representativeness scores use a 1–5 scale when provided. Lower scores indicate a closer fit to the modeled technology, geography, or time period.

Public review record Curator-led bulk import. Public evidence is shown without participant accounts, assignments, recommendations, or private editor notes. Show review Hide review

Publication route

Curator-led bulk import

This inventory was restored from a public CLIC archive. Its original publication route is Curator-led bulk import; private review and workflow records were not transferred.

Source inventory archive

No public review transcript is available for this version.

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Raw uploaded files

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Version history

Published versions are immutable and remain available.

Version Published Link
Version 1.0.0 2026-07-15 Current view
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