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materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

chloromethylated PS (DF = 1.95) production, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
chloromethylated PS (DF = 1.95)
Geography
GLO
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 1204.18 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

quaternization of CMPS, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
quaternary ammonium polysulfone (QAPS), chloride form
Geography
GLO
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 1011.37 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

alkalization of QAPS, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
quaternary ammonium polysulfone (QAPS), hydroxide form
Geography
GLO
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 1072.64 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

energy subsystem production, organic redox flow battery (OFB)

The RFBs comprise three main parts: a power subsystem (cell stack), an energy subsystem including electrolytes and container tanks, and a periphery with ancillary components. The RFBs were …

Reference product
energy subsystem, OFB
Geography
RER
Unit
unit
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 5939.01 kg CO2-eq / unit
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

energy subsystem production, hybrid redox flow battery (HFB)

The RFBs comprise three main parts: a power subsystem (cell stack), an energy subsystem including electrolytes and container tanks, and a periphery with ancillary components. The RFBs were …

Reference product
energy subsystem, HFB
Geography
RER
Unit
unit
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 4359.75 kg CO2-eq / unit
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

inverter production, 5kW

total weight: 18 kg. Data is from report: Life cycle assessment of low power solar inverters (2.5 to 20 kW) authors: Laura Tschümperlin, Philippe Stolz, Rolf Frischknecht. Data …

Reference product
inverter, 5kW
Geography
RER
Unit
unit
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 370.625 kg CO2-eq / unit
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

current collector housing production, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
current collector housing
Geography
RER
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 2.50138 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

end plate production, for RFB

the thickness of the end plate is 10 mm, which is similar to that of Al foill. The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., …

Reference product
end plate
Geography
GLO
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 4.99194 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

zinc felt production, electrode, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
zinc felt, electrode
Geography
GLO
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 0.727546 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

rods, screws, and nuts production, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
rods, screws, and nuts
Geography
RER
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 0.79155 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

pump production, 500W, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
pump, 500W
Geography
GLO
Unit
unit
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 18.2708 kg CO2-eq / unit
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

potassium bicarbonate production, from potassium carbonate

This dataset represents the production of 1 kg potassium carbonate. Anhydrous potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is a white, hygroscopic, powdery material that deliquesces in moist air. It is readily …

Reference product
potassium bicarbonate
Geography
RER
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 1.50002 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

pipe production, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
pipe, for RFB
Geography
RER
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 2.61058 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

methyl viologen (MV) production, negolyte active material, for RFB

copied bipyridylium-compound production activity from cutoff 3.9. Production of bipyridyllium-compounds estimated with herbicides production. [This dataset was already contained in the ecoinvent database version 2. It was not …

Reference product
electroactive material, MV
Geography
RER
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 8.68163 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

N,N,N-2,2,6,6-heptamethylpiperidin-4-ammonium chloride production, intermediate 2, for RFB

TEMPTMA was modeled based on the production process described by "Worldwide Pat., 2016". First, TAA is reacted with dimethylamine under palladium-C catalyst at -10°C. Hydrogen is then added …

Reference product
N,N,N-2,2,6,6-heptamethylpiperidin-4-ammonium chloride, intermediate 2, for RFB
Geography
RER
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 7.10522 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

4-dimethylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine production, intermediate 1, for RFB

TEMPTMA was modeled based on the production process described by "Worldwide Pat., 2016". First, TAA is reacted with dimethylamine under palladium-C catalyst at -10°C. Hydrogen is then added …

Reference product
4-dimethylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, intermediate 1, for RFB
Geography
RER
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 6.60536 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

electrolyte production, organic redox flow battery (OFB)

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
electrolyte
Geography
RER
Unit
unit
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 5608.8 kg CO2-eq / unit
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

electrolyte production, hybrid redox flow battery (HFB)

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
electrolyte
Geography
RER
Unit
unit
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 3962.97 kg CO2-eq / unit
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

electrolyte storage tank production, for RFB

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
electrolyte storage tank
Geography
RER
Unit
kilogram
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 2.66293 kg CO2-eq / kilogram
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

cell production, organic flow battery (OFB), 40kWh

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
cell, OFB
Geography
RER
Unit
unit
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 6946.64 kg CO2-eq / unit
View dataset
materials/batteries/flow-batteries v1.0.0

cell production, hybrid flow battery (HFB), 40kWh

The original inventory is presented in: "Zhang, S., Ramanujam, A. S., Arvidsson, R., Michieletto, A., & Schubert, U. S. (2025). Prospective life cycle assessment of organic redox flow …

Reference product
cell, HFB
Geography
RER
Unit
unit
License
CC BY 3.0
Published TRL 5
Climate change 5536.92 kg CO2-eq / unit
View dataset