CLIC Curated Life cycle Inventory Collection

Lithium-ion batteries

Anode paste, LTO

Reference product Anode paste, LTO JP

Published Version 1.0.0

Stable dataset identity anode-paste-lto

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Unit
kilogram
Reuse license
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
Published
2026-07-15
Version
1.0.0
Technology maturity
See quality profile

Published inventory

Overview

Scope, source, release context, and stable identifying information.

Description

This dataset is part of the component-based lithium-ion battery inventories adapted by Crenna et al. (2021) from Dai et al. (2019), where battery packs are modelled from their constituent materials, cells, electronics, and packaging. It represents anode paste, lto as a prepared electrode slurry or coated-material input used during cell manufacturing.

Source

Scientific journal publication

Dai, Q., Kelly, J. C., Gaines, L., & Wang, M. (2019). Life cycle analysis of lithium-ion batteries for automotive applications. Batteries, 5(2), 48. Updated and adapted in Crenna et al. (2021) where noted: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105619

Dataset details Expand Collapse

Dataset details

Classification
Lithium-ion batteries (materials/batteries/li-ion)
Background database
ecoinvent / 3.8
Background system model
cut-off
Biosphere database
ecoinvent / 3.8
Bookmarks
0
Raw file downloads
0
Generated export downloads
0

These are the source profiles for this version. Foreground modelling assumptions and allocation belong in the dataset description.

Classification path: Materials > Batteries > Lithium-ion batteries

Keywords

  • batteries
  • lithium-ion batteries

External references

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Technology profile

Technology characterization

Scale, utilization, production, and lifetime data. Missing values remain visible to guide future metadata improvements.

Commercial maturity stage
Mature commercial
Design capacity
Not provided
Design capacity unit
Not provided
Capacity factor
Not provided
Annual production volume
Not provided
Annual production volume unit
Not provided
Annual production volume year
Not provided
Plant lifetime
Not provided

Inventory workspace

Inventory & impacts

Inspect every exchange and its contribution to the selected EF v3.1 indicator.

Precalculated screening profile

Environmental impacts

Results per kilogram, using UVEK 2025 and the ecoinvent 3.10 biosphere. Exchange rows are shaded from green to red by relative contribution to the selected indicator.

Climate change 7.46202 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
Screening result

This screening result uses Brightpath mappings from the source background to UVEK 2025; mapped suppliers are not claims of scientific equivalence.

Show all 16 indicator totals
Acidification 0.0441036 mol H+-Eq / kilogram
Climate change 7.46202 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
Freshwater ecotoxicity 43.9115 CTUe / kilogram
Freshwater eutrophication 0.00252436 kg P-Eq / kilogram
Marine eutrophication 0.00726676 kg N-Eq / kilogram
Terrestrial eutrophication 0.068882 mol N-Eq / kilogram
Human toxicity, cancer 3.5739e-09 CTUh / kilogram
Human toxicity, non-cancer 9.0432e-08 CTUh / kilogram
Ionising radiation 1.6462 kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
Land use 22.5492 dimensionless / kilogram
Ozone depletion 6.9755e-07 kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
Particulate matter 3.9455e-07 disease incidence / kilogram
Photochemical ozone formation 0.0210866 kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
Resource use, fossils 111.905 MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
Resource use, minerals and metals 3.0131e-05 kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
Water use 60.684 m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
Calculation details

Profile uvek-2025-ef-v3-1-4e70d56a85b1 · artifact 4e70d56a85b1 · calculated 2026-09-30 13:46 UTC. These screening results do not replace a reviewed comparative LCA.

Dataset contents

Reference flows, emissions, technosphere inputs, and natural resources in this published snapshot.

Outputs

Reference flow

1 row

Reference production exchanges extracted from the uploaded inventory.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
Anode paste, LTO
JP
Anode paste, LTO
1
kilogram - Reference flow

Inputs

Technosphere inputs

6 rows

Linked foreground or background product inputs used by this dataset.

Exchange Reference / categories Amount Unit Metadata Climate change contribution
LTO electrode material (Li4Ti5O12)
GLO
LTO electrode material (Li4Ti5O12)
0.81
kilogram -
5.62932 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 75.4% of total
BAFU:2025
market for carbon black
GLO
carbon black
0.02
kilogram -
0.0570285 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.8% of total
BAFU:2025
market for carboxymethyl cellulose, powder
GLO
carboxymethyl cellulose, powder
0.01
kilogram -
0.0495984 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.7% of total
BAFU:2025
anode, graphite, for Li-ion battery
GLO
anode, graphite, for Li-ion battery
0.02
kilogram -
0.0503104 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 0.7% of total
BAFU:2025
market for polyvinylfluoride
GLO
polyvinylfluoride
0.09
kilogram -
1.52138 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 20.4% of total
BAFU:2025
market for styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)
RER
styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)
0.06
kilogram -
0.154384 kg CO2-Eq / kilogram 2.1% of total
CLIC v1.0.1

Parameters

Read-only definitions preserved with this inventory version. Values are supplied by the source; CLIC does not evaluate formulas or recalculate exchange amounts and impact scores from them.

No parameter definitions were supplied with this inventory snapshot.

Evidence and scrutiny

Quality & review

Assess representativeness and read the public record of the scientific review.

Quality and maturity details Expand Collapse

Quality and maturity

TRL scale Higher is more mature. 9: routine commercial deployment 8: commercial, but still niche or scaling 7: first-commercial or advanced demonstration 6: engineering-scale demonstration 5: pilot or large prototype 4: bench or lab validated 3: research-stage concept Technology readiness level
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: strong market- or operating-data basis 2: commercially plausible, but still somewhat specific 3: partly representative, with modelling or adaptation bias 4: pilot, proxy-based, scaled-up, or prospective 5: weak representation of the real technology state Technological representativeness
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: geography matches the claimed scope well 2: regionally credible, but broader or less exact 3: generic regional or global proxy 4: weak proxy or clear geographic mismatch 5: geography is effectively unsupported Geographical representativeness
1 to 5 scale Lower is better. 1: current for that technology class 2: slightly dated, but still good 3: dated enough to need caution 4: stale, pilot-era, or prospective relative to current practice 5: clearly not representative of the current state Temporal representativeness

Missing exchange uncertainty generation: Not requested

Representativeness scores use a 1–5 scale when provided. Lower scores indicate a closer fit to the modeled technology, geography, or time period.

Public review record Curator-led bulk import. Public evidence is shown without participant accounts, assignments, recommendations, or private editor notes. Show review Hide review

Publication route

Curator-led bulk import

This inventory was restored from a public CLIC archive. Its original publication route is Curator-led bulk import; private review and workflow records were not transferred.

Source inventory archive

No public review transcript is available for this version.

Community

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Files & versions

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Raw uploaded files

Contributor files preserved with this public version.

Original uploaded files were not included in the inventory archive. Generated inventory exports remain available.