Simons A, Bauer C. Life cycle assessment of the Evolutionary Power Reactor (EPR) and the influence of different fuel cycle strategies. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy. 2012;226(3):427-444. doi:10.1177/0957650912440549
Dataset details
Classification, keywords, bookmarks and download counts.
Classification
Nuclear electricity (energy/electricity/nuclear)
Bookmarks
0
Raw file downloads
0
Generated export downloads
0
Classification path:
Energy >
Electricity >
Nuclear electricity
Keywords
electricity
nuclear electricity
Bookmarking is available only on the latest published dataset record.
Metadata & sourcesMethods, scope, reference years, publications, contributors, projects and funding.
Source
Source documentation, background profiles and references.
Scientific journal publication
Simons, A., & Bauer, C. Life cycle assessment of the Evolutionary Power Reactor (EPR) and the influence of different fuel cycle strategies. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy. 2012;226(3):427-444. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957650912440549
Background database
ecoinvent / 3.8
Background system model
cut-off
Biosphere database
ecoinvent / 3.8
These are the stored source profiles for this version. Foreground methodology is recorded in Scientific metadata.
Reference years, modelling and allocation methods, contributors, publications, projects and funding.
Declarations describe this version's foreground inventory. Missing information is not evidence of a particular allocation method or data origin.
Source publication year
2012
Inventory reference year
Not specified
Foreground modelling approach
Not specified
Allocated product inventory
Not specified
Allocation or multifunctionality treatment
Not specified
Inventory contributions
Not specified
Methodology notes
The source is a 2012 prospective assessment of Swiss/French EPRs in 2030, using mixed-vintage fuel-cycle and infrastructure data. Table 4 distinguishes CH 1500 MWe from FR 1530 MWe; the common 1500-MWe description is not valid for the French scenario. The regional RER copy is not a separately tabulated source scenario. The paper's normal-operation boundaries exclude nuclear accidents. Equipment membership is traced only through unambiguous declared foreground links; underlying bills of materials and supplier/biosphere adaptations remain incompletely verified.
Intended application
Foreground modelling of the declared EPR hardware, fuel-cycle or electricity-production configuration.
Data origins
Literature
Other fields not yet completed (9)
Data period start year, Data period end year, Valid until year, Multifunctionality applicable, Process type, System boundary, Included life cycle stages, Technology description, Use limitations
Publications (1)
Citation
Simons, A., Bauer, C. (2012). Life cycle assessment of the European pressurized reactor and the influence of different fuel cycle strategies. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 226(3), 427–444. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957650912440549
Title
Life cycle assessment of the European pressurized reactor and the influence of different fuel cycle strategies
Doi
10.1177/0957650912440549
Url
https://doi.org/10.1177/0957650912440549
Source type
Scientific journal
Publication year
2012
Relation
Primary source
Authors
Andrew Simons; Christian Bauer · 0000-0002-1083-9200
Projects (1)
Name
Life cycle assessment of the European pressurized reactor and the influence of different fuel cycle strategies
Url
https://doi.org/10.1177/0957650912440549
Relation
Source study
Funding (1)
Organization
Axpo Holding AG
Project
Life cycle assessment of the European pressurized reactor and the influence of different fuel cycle strategies
Evidence and qualifications (7)
Target field
data_origins
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
Existing published CLIC inventory documentation
Source location
source
Qualification
Exact documented origins; no claim that every flow is measured.
Target field
intended_application
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
Existing published CLIC inventory documentation
Source location
source
Qualification
Source-linked modelling context; no 2030 component year or measured manufacturer inventory is inferred.
DOI registration: title, publication dates and byline
Qualification
Bibliographic details refer to this explicitly cited DOI. Existing citation text is retained, including any additional sources. Publication year does not establish the inventory reference year; publication authors are not assigned as inventory compilers.
Target field
publications
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
https://api.ror.org/v2/organizations/03eh3y714
Source location
Organization identity and registered names
Qualification
Canonical institutional identity only. Preserve historical declared spelling, departments, attribution and funding relationships; identity verification alone does not verify an award or its scope.
Target field
publications
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
https://doi.org/10.1177/0957650912440549
Source location
Original paper/SI byline; pinned DOI registration and institutional identity evidence
Qualification
Canonical primary and legacy citations are aligned without changing freeform source, inventory source text or inventory contributors. Publication year is not a measurement/reference year. EPR underlying inventories are acknowledged to Roberto Dones and Roth et al. (2009); component quantities are not all printed in the 2012 article. Preserve each declared source role and historical affiliation.
Target field
methodology_notes
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
https://doi.org/10.1177/0957650912440549
Source location
Table 4, source scope and acknowledgements; foreground equipment paths
Qualification
Distinguish electricity, dedicated plant equipment and fuel-cycle supply roles. Only CH/FR electricity nodes receive the explicit 2030 model year. No component measurement year, capacity factor, numeric TRL or accident-risk result is inferred.
Target field
funding
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
https://doi.org/10.1177/0957650912440549
Source location
Source funding statement immediately before acknowledgements
Qualification
Axpo Holding AG funded the cited study. The project declaration is labelled by the paper title with relation source_study; no formal grant/acronym is invented and no funding of the CLIC adaptation is inferred.
Technology characterizationScale, utilization, production, lifetime, technology readiness and representativeness.
Commercial maturity stage
Early commercial
Design capacity
Not provided
Design capacity unit
Not provided
Capacity factor
Not provided
Annual production volume
Not provided
Annual production volume unit
Not provided
Annual production volume year
Not provided
Plant lifetime
Not provided
TRL scaleHigher is more mature.9: routine commercial deployment8: commercial, but still niche or scaling7: first-commercial or advanced demonstration6: engineering-scale demonstration5: pilot or large prototype4: bench or lab validated3: research-stage conceptTechnology readiness level
123456789
earlymature
1 to 5 scaleLower is better.1: strong market- or operating-data basis2: commercially plausible, but still somewhat specific3: partly representative, with modelling or adaptation bias4: pilot, proxy-based, scaled-up, or prospective5: weak representation of the real technology stateTechnological representativeness
12345
strongweak
1 to 5 scaleLower is better.1: geography matches the claimed scope well2: regionally credible, but broader or less exact3: generic regional or global proxy4: weak proxy or clear geographic mismatch5: geography is effectively unsupportedGeographical representativeness
12345
strongweak
1 to 5 scaleLower is better.1: current for that technology class2: slightly dated, but still good3: dated enough to need caution4: stale, pilot-era, or prospective relative to current practice5: clearly not representative of the current stateTemporal representativeness
12345
strongweak
Missing exchange uncertainty generation:
Not requested
Representativeness scores use a 1–5 scale when provided. Lower scores indicate a closer fit to the modeled technology, geography, or time period.
Results per unit, using UVEK 2025 and the ecoinvent 3.10 biosphere. Exchange rows are shaded from green to red by relative contribution to the selected indicator.
Acidification7593.02
mol H+-Eq / unit
Climate change551676
kg CO2-Eq / unit
Freshwater ecotoxicity2.1184e+06
CTUe / unit
Freshwater eutrophication305.491
kg P-Eq / unit
Marine eutrophication549.753
kg N-Eq / unit
Terrestrial eutrophication5808.7
mol N-Eq / unit
Human toxicity, cancer0.00763366
CTUh / unit
Human toxicity, non-cancer0.0258107
CTUh / unit
Ionising radiation131681
kBq U235-Eq / unit
Land use2.5019e+06
dimensionless / unit
Ozone depletion0.00956019
kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
Particulate matter0.0415186
disease incidence / unit
Photochemical ozone formation2264.76
kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
Resource use, fossils6.7503e+06
MJ, net calorific value / unit
Resource use, minerals and metals13.6644
kg Sb-Eq / unit
Water use179124
m3 world Eq deprived / unit
Screening result
This screening result uses Brightpath mappings from the source background to UVEK 2025; mapped suppliers are not claims of scientific equivalence.
Show all 16 indicator totals
Acidification7593.02
mol H+-Eq / unit
Climate change551676
kg CO2-Eq / unit
Freshwater ecotoxicity2.1184e+06
CTUe / unit
Freshwater eutrophication305.491
kg P-Eq / unit
Marine eutrophication549.753
kg N-Eq / unit
Terrestrial eutrophication5808.7
mol N-Eq / unit
Human toxicity, cancer0.00763366
CTUh / unit
Human toxicity, non-cancer0.0258107
CTUh / unit
Ionising radiation131681
kBq U235-Eq / unit
Land use2.5019e+06
dimensionless / unit
Ozone depletion0.00956019
kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
Particulate matter0.0415186
disease incidence / unit
Photochemical ozone formation2264.76
kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
Resource use, fossils6.7503e+06
MJ, net calorific value / unit
Resource use, minerals and metals13.6644
kg Sb-Eq / unit
Water use179124
m3 world Eq deprived / unit
Calculation details
Profile uvek-2025-ef-v3-1-4e70d56a85b1 · artifact
4e70d56a85b1 · calculated
2026-09-30 13:59 UTC. These screening results do not replace a reviewed comparative LCA.
Dataset contents
Reference flows, emissions, technosphere inputs, and natural resources in this published snapshot.
Outputs
Reference flow1 rowReference production exchanges extracted from the uploaded inventory.
Exchange
Reference / categories
Amount
Unit
Metadata
Climate change contribution
Pump primary EPR
RER
Pump primary EPR
Axpo NH 5b / year technologies
1
unit
Metadata (1)
Allocation
100
Reference flow
Inputs
Technosphere inputs6 rowsLinked foreground or background product inputs used by this dataset.
Exchange
Reference / categories
Amount
Unit
Metadata
Climate change contribution
market for copper, cathode
GLO
copper, cathode
Materials/fuels
5600
kilogram
Metadata (4)
Loc
5600
Product
copper, cathode
Simapro name
Copper, at regional storage U
Uncertainty type
0
5084.69mol H+-Eq / unit
67.0% of total
47653.7kg CO2-Eq / unit
8.6% of total
411186CTUe / unit
19.4% of total
113.856kg P-Eq / unit
37.3% of total
90.6008kg N-Eq / unit
16.5% of total
921.496mol N-Eq / unit
15.9% of total
5.0269e-05CTUh / unit
0.7% of total
0.00197515CTUh / unit
7.7% of total
16607.9kBq U235-Eq / unit
12.6% of total
375165dimensionless / unit
15.0% of total
0.00102673kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
10.7% of total
0.0060235disease incidence / unit
14.5% of total
533.571kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
23.6% of total
625726MJ, net calorific value / unit
9.3% of total
0.487267kg Sb-Eq / unit
3.6% of total
42571.3m3 world Eq deprived / unit
23.8% of total
BAFU:2025
market for hot rolling, steel
GLO
hot rolling, steel
Materials/fuels
1.06e+05
kilogram
Metadata (4)
Loc
106000
Product
hot rolling, steel
Simapro name
Hot rolling, steel U
Uncertainty type
0
24.0164mol H+-Eq / unit
0.3% of total
17609.4kg CO2-Eq / unit
3.2% of total
79211.3CTUe / unit
3.7% of total
2.95894kg P-Eq / unit
1.0% of total
8.89623kg N-Eq / unit
1.6% of total
85.9146mol N-Eq / unit
1.5% of total
2.1411e-05CTUh / unit
0.3% of total
0.000320093CTUh / unit
1.2% of total
12880.8kBq U235-Eq / unit
9.8% of total
53186.4dimensionless / unit
2.1% of total
0.000671733kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
7.0% of total
0.000827345disease incidence / unit
2.0% of total
72.9164kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
3.2% of total
384366MJ, net calorific value / unit
5.7% of total
0.016699kg Sb-Eq / unit
0.1% of total
15011m3 world Eq deprived / unit
8.4% of total
BAFU:2025
market for steel, chromium steel 18/8
GLO
steel, chromium steel 18/8
Materials/fuels
1.06e+05
kilogram
Metadata (4)
Loc
106000
Product
steel, chromium steel 18/8
Simapro name
Chromium steel 18/8, at plant U
Uncertainty type
0
2378.7mol H+-Eq / unit
31.3% of total
468572kg CO2-Eq / unit
84.9% of total
1.5687e+06CTUe / unit
74.0% of total
174.706kg P-Eq / unit
57.2% of total
419.362kg N-Eq / unit
76.3% of total
4479.14mol N-Eq / unit
77.1% of total
0.00755046CTUh / unit
98.9% of total
0.0229493CTUh / unit
88.9% of total
97784.9kBq U235-Eq / unit
74.3% of total
1.9126e+06dimensionless / unit
76.4% of total
0.00600158kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
62.8% of total
0.0340607disease incidence / unit
82.0% of total
1546.23kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
68.3% of total
5.4755e+06MJ, net calorific value / unit
81.1% of total
12.8679kg Sb-Eq / unit
94.2% of total
102639m3 world Eq deprived / unit
57.3% of total
BAFU:2025
market for transport, freight train
Europe without Switzerland
transport, freight train
Materials/fuels
2.46e+04
ton kilometer
Metadata (4)
Loc
24600
Product
transport, freight train
Simapro name
Transport, freight, rail U
Uncertainty type
0
1.80182mol H+-Eq / unit
0.0% of total
411.56kg CO2-Eq / unit
0.1% of total
1083.93CTUe / unit
0.1% of total
0.2485kg P-Eq / unit
0.1% of total
0.59905kg N-Eq / unit
0.1% of total
6.00263mol N-Eq / unit
0.1% of total
4.9556e-07CTUh / unit
0.0% of total
5.2351e-06CTUh / unit
0.0% of total
403.431kBq U235-Eq / unit
0.3% of total
7609.1dimensionless / unit
0.3% of total
1.0006e-05kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
0.1% of total
1.8543e-05disease incidence / unit
0.0% of total
1.91435kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
0.1% of total
7955.64MJ, net calorific value / unit
0.1% of total
0.00092225kg Sb-Eq / unit
0.0% of total
233.162m3 world Eq deprived / unit
0.1% of total
BAFU:2025
market for transport, freight, lorry, unspecified
RER
transport, freight, lorry, unspecified
Materials/fuels
1.23e+04
ton kilometer
Metadata (4)
Loc
12300
Product
transport, freight, lorry, unspecified
Simapro name
Transport, van <3.5t U
Uncertainty type
0
65.6334mol H+-Eq / unit
0.9% of total
15337.6kg CO2-Eq / unit
2.8% of total
43137.7CTUe / unit
2.0% of total
1.44231kg P-Eq / unit
0.5% of total
27.0994kg N-Eq / unit
4.9% of total
280.874mol N-Eq / unit
4.8% of total
5.1491e-06CTUh / unit
0.1% of total
0.000116539CTUh / unit
0.5% of total
2947.44kBq U235-Eq / unit
2.2% of total
140436dimensionless / unit
5.6% of total
0.00179782kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
18.8% of total
0.000486476disease incidence / unit
1.2% of total
94.7119kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
4.2% of total
221095MJ, net calorific value / unit
3.3% of total
0.0365493kg Sb-Eq / unit
0.3% of total
17775.8m3 world Eq deprived / unit
9.9% of total
BAFU:2025
wire drawing, copper
RER
wire drawing, copper
Materials/fuels
5600
kilogram
Metadata (3)
Loc
5600
Simapro name
Wire drawing, copper U
Uncertainty type
0
38.1709mol H+-Eq / unit
0.5% of total
2091.1kg CO2-Eq / unit
0.4% of total
15120.6CTUe / unit
0.7% of total
12.2784kg P-Eq / unit
4.0% of total
3.19591kg N-Eq / unit
0.6% of total
35.281mol N-Eq / unit
0.6% of total
5.8840e-06CTUh / unit
0.1% of total
0.00044444CTUh / unit
1.7% of total
1057.05kBq U235-Eq / unit
0.8% of total
12888.9dimensionless / unit
0.5% of total
5.2317e-05kg CFC-11-Eq / unit
0.5% of total
0.000102072disease incidence / unit
0.2% of total
15.4218kg NMVOC-Eq / unit
0.7% of total
35681.8MJ, net calorific value / unit
0.5% of total
0.255072kg Sb-Eq / unit
1.9% of total
892.721m3 world Eq deprived / unit
0.5% of total
BAFU:2025
Parameters0 source definitions · values, formulas and uncertainty.
Read-only definitions preserved with this inventory version. Values are supplied by the source; CLIC does not evaluate formulas or recalculate exchange amounts and impact scores from them.
No parameter definitions were supplied with this inventory snapshot.
Supply-chain graph
Direct technosphere and natural-resource inputs appear on the left; emissions appear on the right.
Current datasetTechnosphere inputsEnvironmental resource inputsEmissions
1 CLIC node
and 6 background boundary nodes shown.
Direct inputs appear to the left of the current dataset, while emissions appear to the right. Hover an arrow to inspect its amount and unit, click a blue supplier node to reveal up to three upstream steps, or click an emissions node to open its biosphere flows, then scroll or drag the canvas to navigate.
Reuse and provenance
Downloads & files
This historical version remains available for citation and download, but a newer public version is now current.
Add to download basket
Original source files are currently unavailable, but you can still add this version to your basket for generated package export.
Activity and product names for pump primary EPR now use consistent catalogue spelling across the inventory and its supplier references. The physical recipe is…
Published · Latest
Show full version history table (2 versions)
Version
Published
Reason for this version
Link
Version 1.0.1
2026-11-03
Activity and product names for pump primary EPR now use consistent catalogue spelling across the inventory and its supplier references. The physical recipe is unchanged.
First published inventory; no earlier version is available for comparison.
Review & discussionPublication provenance, scientific review and community discussion.
Public review record
Curator-led bulk import. Public evidence is shown without participant
accounts, assignments, recommendations, or private editor notes.
Show reviewHide review
Publication route
Curator-led bulk import
This inventory was restored from a public CLIC archive. Its original publication route is Curator-led bulk import; private review and workflow records were not transferred.