Source: Weber et al. (2018). Life cycle assessment of a vanadium redox flow battery. Environmental science & technology, 52(18), 10864-10873. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Source review: Weber et al. (2018) models a hypothetical 1 MW/8.3 MWh vanadium system for 20-year renewables support, with a study functional unit of 1 MWh delivered electricity and separate manufacturing, use and recycling assumptions. Source software/background are openLCA1.6 and ecoinvent3.3 cut-off; the later May2022 export targets ecoinvent3.7.1. These are not automatic creation-software/profile or measured-year declarations for CLIC. The authors' v3 Zenodo record reports a doubled V2O5 error corrected in the native electrolyte, but explicitly warns of a remaining dataset error. A formal journal corrigendum was not located; the warning and archival correction statement are retained as evidence, not an error-free replacement reference. The original and archived SI extract to identical text and still print 0.286 kg V2O5 per litre with 1.35 kg electrolyte output; the updated native process uses 0.1455 kg. A per-litre recipe must be normalized before comparison with a per-kg CLIC reference. Current CLIC4469 is a later Oxkem VOS16/Martin formulation at 1.36 kg/L and4.2 mol/L sulfate, not a literal copy of either source version; do not halve its V2O5 again. The declared node reference is kilogram of vanadium pentoxide; supplier/biosphere identity, allocation and uncertainty are not established by a literal quantity match.
Dataset details
Classification, keywords, bookmarks and download counts.
Classification
Vanadium (materials/metals/vanadium)
Bookmarks
0
Raw file downloads
0
Generated export downloads
0
Classification path:
Materials >
Metals and mineral feedstocks >
Vanadium
Keywords
metals and mineral feedstocks
vanadium
Bookmarking is available only on the latest published dataset record.
Metadata & sourcesMethods, scope, reference years, publications, contributors, projects and funding.
Source
Source documentation, background profiles and references.
Scientific journal publication
Weber et al. (2018). Life cycle assessment of a vanadium redox flow battery. Environmental science & technology, 52(18), 10864-10873. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Background database
ecoinvent / 3.9
Background system model
cut-off
Biosphere database
ecoinvent / 3.9
These are the stored source profiles for this version. Foreground methodology is recorded in Scientific metadata.
Reference years, modelling and allocation methods, contributors, publications, projects and funding.
Declarations describe this version's foreground inventory. Missing information is not evidence of a particular allocation method or data origin.
Source publication year
2018
Inventory reference year
Not specified
Foreground modelling approach
Not specified
Allocated product inventory
Not specified
Allocation or multifunctionality treatment
Not specified
Inventory contributions
Not specified
Methodology notes
Source review: Weber et al. (2018) models a hypothetical 1 MW/8.3 MWh vanadium system for 20-year renewables support, with a study functional unit of 1 MWh delivered electricity and separate manufacturing, use and recycling assumptions. Source software/background are openLCA1.6 and ecoinvent3.3 cut-off; the later May2022 export targets ecoinvent3.7.1. These are not automatic creation-software/profile or measured-year declarations for CLIC. The authors' v3 Zenodo record reports a doubled V2O5 error corrected in the native electrolyte, but explicitly warns of a remaining dataset error. A formal journal corrigendum was not located; the warning and archival correction statement are retained as evidence, not an error-free replacement reference. The original and archived SI extract to identical text and still print 0.286 kg V2O5 per litre with 1.35 kg electrolyte output; the updated native process uses 0.1455 kg. A per-litre recipe must be normalized before comparison with a per-kg CLIC reference. Current CLIC4469 is a later Oxkem VOS16/Martin formulation at 1.36 kg/L and4.2 mol/L sulfate, not a literal copy of either source version; do not halve its V2O5 again. The declared node reference is kilogram of vanadium pentoxide; supplier/biosphere identity, allocation and uncertainty are not established by a literal quantity match.
Included life cycle stages
Manufacturing
Data origins
Literature
Other fields not yet completed (9)
Data period start year, Data period end year, Valid until year, Multifunctionality applicable, Process type, System boundary, Technology description, Intended application, Use limitations
Publications (1)
Citation
Originally from Weber et al. (2018). Life cycle assessment of a vanadium redox flow battery. Environmental science & technology, 52(18), 10864-10873. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Title
Life Cycle Assessment of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
Doi
10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Url
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Source type
Scientific journal
Publication year
2018
Relation
Primary source
Authors
Selina Weber; Jens F. Peters · 0000-0002-4802-7806; Manuel Baumann · 0000-0002-8374-4624; Marcel Weil · 0000-0003-0151-9990
Projects (1)
Name
Storage and Cross-Linked Infrastructures
Acronym
SCI
Url
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Relation
Source study
Funding (1)
Organization
Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres · https://ror.org/0281dp749
Project
Storage and Cross-Linked Infrastructures
Evidence and qualifications (7)
Target field
data_origins
Origin
Source import
Source reference
Existing published CLIC inventory documentation
Source location
source
Qualification
Tags describe documented input origins of this exact supplied version. Literature does not assert direct measurements; engineering and proxy tags describe stated assumptions, not validated industrial performance.
Target field
included_life_cycle_stages
Origin
Source import
Source reference
Existing published CLIC inventory documentation
Source location
name
Qualification
Minimum explicitly named stage(s); no assertion that all upstream/downstream stages of the cited study are present. Manufacturing rejects alone do not create an end-of-life stage.
DOI registration: title, publication dates and byline
Qualification
Bibliographic details refer to this explicitly cited DOI. Existing citation text is retained, including any additional sources. Publication year does not establish the inventory reference year; publication authors are not assigned as inventory compilers.
Target field
publications
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Source location
Original paper byline and historical affiliations; DOI deposits; source-study institutional identity records
Qualification
Preserve paper publication years 2025/2018, not DOI submission year 2024 or archive creation year 2024. Historical HIU/KIT and SLU affiliations remain distinct from later repository affiliations or email domains. Article authors are not assigned as inventory contributors. HIPOLE polymer institute remains distinct from the GSI physics institute and has no verified ROR in this review.
Target field
methodology_notes
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
https://zenodo.org/records/10589869
Source location
Author archive correction/residual-error statement, original/archival SI S8 and native c94ceb7a; CLIC exact-version checks
Qualification
Source review: Weber et al. (2018) models a hypothetical 1 MW/8.3 MWh vanadium system for 20-year renewables support, with a study functional unit of 1 MWh delivered electricity and separate manufacturing, use and recycling assumptions. Source software/background are openLCA1.6 and ecoinvent3.3 cut-off; the later May2022 export targets ecoinvent3.7.1. These are not automatic creation-software/profile or measured-year declarations for CLIC. The authors' v3 Zenodo record reports a doubled V2O5 error corrected in the native electrolyte, but explicitly warns of a remaining dataset error. A formal journal corrigendum was not located; the warning and archival correction statement are retained as evidence, not an error-free replacement reference. The original and archived SI extract to identical text and still print 0.286 kg V2O5 per litre with 1.35 kg electrolyte output; the updated native process uses 0.1455 kg. A per-litre recipe must be normalized before comparison with a per-kg CLIC reference. Current CLIC4469 is a later Oxkem VOS16/Martin formulation at 1.36 kg/L and4.2 mol/L sulfate, not a literal copy of either source version; do not halve its V2O5 again. The declared node reference is kilogram of vanadium pentoxide; supplier/biosphere identity, allocation and uncertainty are not established by a literal quantity match.
Target field
methodology_notes
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Source location
Archived version status and source-specific comparison
Qualification
This superseded recipe remains distinct from its successor. Later CLIC engineering arithmetic does not certify or silently replace the earlier version's exchanges.
Target field
funding
Origin
Editor verification
Source reference
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02073
Source location
Source acknowledgments; CORDIS860403 and verified funder identities
Qualification
Original source acknowledges Helmholtz Society SCI program. Keep this source-study support separate from HIU/KIT employment, later Oxkem/Martin formulation and CLIC development funding. No unprinted award number is invented.
Technology characterizationScale, utilization, production, lifetime, technology readiness and representativeness.
Commercial maturity stage
Mature commercial
Design capacity
Not provided
Design capacity unit
Not provided
Capacity factor
Not provided
Annual production volume
Not provided
Annual production volume unit
Not provided
Annual production volume year
Not provided
Plant lifetime
Not provided
TRL scaleHigher is more mature.9: routine commercial deployment8: commercial, but still niche or scaling7: first-commercial or advanced demonstration6: engineering-scale demonstration5: pilot or large prototype4: bench or lab validated3: research-stage conceptTechnology readiness level
123456789
earlymature
1 to 5 scaleLower is better.1: strong market- or operating-data basis2: commercially plausible, but still somewhat specific3: partly representative, with modelling or adaptation bias4: pilot, proxy-based, scaled-up, or prospective5: weak representation of the real technology stateTechnological representativeness
12345
strongweak
1 to 5 scaleLower is better.1: geography matches the claimed scope well2: regionally credible, but broader or less exact3: generic regional or global proxy4: weak proxy or clear geographic mismatch5: geography is effectively unsupportedGeographical representativeness
12345
strongweak
1 to 5 scaleLower is better.1: current for that technology class2: slightly dated, but still good3: dated enough to need caution4: stale, pilot-era, or prospective relative to current practice5: clearly not representative of the current stateTemporal representativeness
12345
strongweak
Missing exchange uncertainty generation:
Not requested
Representativeness scores use a 1–5 scale when provided. Lower scores indicate a closer fit to the modeled technology, geography, or time period.
Results per kilogram, using UVEK 2025 and the ecoinvent 3.10 biosphere. Exchange rows are shaded from green to red by relative contribution to the selected indicator.
Acidification0.399502
mol H+-Eq / kilogram
Climate change18.6425
kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
Freshwater ecotoxicity69.1857
CTUe / kilogram
Freshwater eutrophication0.00933014
kg P-Eq / kilogram
Photochemical ozone formation0.0676931
kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
Resource use, fossils267.452
MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
Resource use, minerals and metals0.000101972
kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
Water use98.1035
m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
Screening result
This screening result uses Brightpath mappings from the source background to UVEK 2025; mapped suppliers are not claims of scientific equivalence.
Show all 16 indicator totals
Acidification0.399502
mol H+-Eq / kilogram
Climate change18.6425
kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
Freshwater ecotoxicity69.1857
CTUe / kilogram
Freshwater eutrophication0.00933014
kg P-Eq / kilogram
Marine eutrophication0.012512
kg N-Eq / kilogram
Terrestrial eutrophication0.130635
mol N-Eq / kilogram
Human toxicity, cancer6.7186e-08
CTUh / kilogram
Human toxicity, non-cancer6.6574e-06
CTUh / kilogram
Ionising radiation2.27596
kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
Land use-2048.47
dimensionless / kilogram
Ozone depletion3.5931e-07
kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
Particulate matter3.8439e-06
disease incidence / kilogram
Photochemical ozone formation0.0676931
kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
Resource use, fossils267.452
MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
Resource use, minerals and metals0.000101972
kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
Water use98.1035
m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
Calculation details
Profile uvek-2025-ef-v3-1-4e70d56a85b1 · artifact
4e70d56a85b1 · calculated
2026-09-30 13:47 UTC. These screening results do not replace a reviewed comparative LCA.
Dataset contents
Reference flows, emissions, technosphere inputs, and natural resources in this published snapshot.
Outputs
Reference flow1 rowReference production exchanges extracted from the uploaded inventory.
Exchange
Reference / categories
Amount
Unit
Metadata
Climate change contribution
vanadium pentoxide production
ZA
vanadium pentoxide
1
kilogram
-
Reference flow
Emissions4 rowsElementary flows emitted from the dataset to the environment.
Exchange
Reference / categories
Amount
Unit
Metadata
Climate change contribution
Carbon dioxide, fossil
air
0.16
kilogram
-
0mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.16kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.9% of total
0CTUe / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
EF biosphere factor
Oxygen
air
0.06
kilogram
-
0mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUe / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
EF biosphere factor
Sulfur dioxide
air
0.23
kilogram
-
0.3013mol H+-Eq / kilogram
75.4% of total
0kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUe / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.8400e-06disease incidence / kilogram
47.9% of total
0.018653kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
27.6% of total
0MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
EF biosphere factor
Water
air
8.45e-05
cubic meter
-
0mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUe / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.00362927m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
EF biosphere factor
Inputs
Technosphere inputs14 rowsLinked foreground or background product inputs used by this dataset.
Exchange
Reference / categories
Amount
Unit
Metadata
Climate change contribution
market for sodium sulfate, anhydrite
RoW
sodium sulfate, anhydrite
-0.5
kilogram
-
-0.0050294mol H+-Eq / kilogram
-1.3% of total
-0.501257kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
-2.7% of total
-2.77087CTUe / kilogram
-4.0% of total
-0.000246596kg P-Eq / kilogram
-2.6% of total
-0.000409165kg N-Eq / kilogram
-3.3% of total
-0.00385094mol N-Eq / kilogram
-2.9% of total
-8.5461e-10CTUh / kilogram
-1.3% of total
-1.8170e-08CTUh / kilogram
-0.3% of total
-0.25997kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
-11.4% of total
-2.35788dimensionless / kilogram
0.1% of total
-1.9726e-08kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
-5.5% of total
-3.1577e-08disease incidence / kilogram
-0.8% of total
-0.00188986kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
-2.8% of total
-10.7428MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
-4.0% of total
-6.8471e-06kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
-6.7% of total
-0.25366m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
-0.3% of total
BAFU:2025
market for iron scrap, unsorted
GLO
iron scrap, unsorted
-0.07
kilogram
-
-1.1764e-05mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-0.00248713kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-0.00714707CTUe / kilogram
0.0% of total
-1.1013e-06kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-3.8510e-06kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-4.1292e-05mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-1.8297e-12CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
-4.8276e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
-0.000852953kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-0.0385306dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
-8.3865e-11kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-9.2673e-11disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
-1.4284e-05kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-0.0379099MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.0% of total
-2.0977e-08kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-0.00361931m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market for ammonium sulfate
RoW
ammonium sulfate
0.31
kilogram
-
-0.00399777mol H+-Eq / kilogram
-1.0% of total
0.678175kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
3.6% of total
-1.86041CTUe / kilogram
-2.7% of total
0.00028189kg P-Eq / kilogram
3.0% of total
-0.00134697kg N-Eq / kilogram
-10.8% of total
-0.0257551mol N-Eq / kilogram
-19.7% of total
3.6919e-10CTUh / kilogram
0.5% of total
5.7606e-08CTUh / kilogram
0.9% of total
0.270668kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
11.9% of total
13.2537dimensionless / kilogram
-0.6% of total
1.2865e-08kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
3.6% of total
-2.9024e-08disease incidence / kilogram
-0.8% of total
-0.00359399kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
-5.3% of total
7.9491MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
3.0% of total
4.8651e-06kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
4.8% of total
0.143564m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.1% of total
BAFU:2025
market for electricity, medium voltage
ZA
electricity, medium voltage
0.2
kilowatt hour
-
0.000288467mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.205954kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
1.1% of total
0.429275CTUe / kilogram
0.6% of total
0.000114593kg P-Eq / kilogram
1.2% of total
9.2259e-05kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.7% of total
0.000879348mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.7% of total
8.5070e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.1% of total
4.9961e-10CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0160845kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.7% of total
0.319214dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
6.7502e-10kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.2% of total
1.6257e-09disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.000214425kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.3% of total
2.07743MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.8% of total
4.3816e-08kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.42859m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
1.5% of total
BAFU:2025
market for soda ash, dense
GLO
soda ash, dense
0.37
kilogram
-
0.00186539mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.5% of total
0.154074kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.8% of total
9.29711CTUe / kilogram
13.4% of total
8.5375e-05kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.9% of total
0.000187793kg N-Eq / kilogram
1.5% of total
0.00484612mol N-Eq / kilogram
3.7% of total
8.8034e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.1% of total
2.1136e-09CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0261215kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
1.1% of total
0.621232dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.0796e-09kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.3% of total
1.6344e-08disease incidence / kilogram
0.4% of total
0.000457713kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.7% of total
1.58394MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.6% of total
4.1165e-06kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
4.0% of total
0.0537748m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.1% of total
BAFU:2025
market for sodium sulfate, anhydrite
RER
sodium sulfate, anhydrite
0.5
kilogram
-
0.0598541mol H+-Eq / kilogram
15.0% of total
1.37044kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
7.4% of total
8.46723CTUe / kilogram
12.2% of total
0.00112716kg P-Eq / kilogram
12.1% of total
0.00129534kg N-Eq / kilogram
10.4% of total
0.0139677mol N-Eq / kilogram
10.7% of total
2.0019e-09CTUh / kilogram
3.0% of total
1.5014e-07CTUh / kilogram
2.3% of total
0.823618kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
36.2% of total
6.73425dimensionless / kilogram
-0.3% of total
5.2433e-08kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
14.6% of total
3.6087e-07disease incidence / kilogram
9.4% of total
0.00894506kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
13.2% of total
32.8769MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
12.3% of total
7.6794e-05kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
75.3% of total
0.690864m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.7% of total
BAFU:2025
market for sulfuric acid
RoW
sulfuric acid
0.46
kilogram
-
0.00400902mol H+-Eq / kilogram
1.0% of total
0.0704253kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.4% of total
0.426378CTUe / kilogram
0.6% of total
2.6703e-05kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.3% of total
0.000143913kg N-Eq / kilogram
1.2% of total
0.00152031mol N-Eq / kilogram
1.2% of total
5.9071e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.1% of total
1.0149e-09CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0140268kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.6% of total
0.358877dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
4.6898e-09kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
1.3% of total
2.4008e-08disease incidence / kilogram
0.6% of total
0.00091815kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
1.4% of total
2.73723MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
1.0% of total
1.0459e-06kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
1.0% of total
0.0521566m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.1% of total
BAFU:2025
market for transport, freight, lorry, unspecified
RER
transport, freight, lorry, unspecified
0.08
ton kilometer
-
0.000411409mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.0961409kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.5% of total
0.270399CTUe / kilogram
0.4% of total
9.0408e-06kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.000169867kg N-Eq / kilogram
1.4% of total
0.0017606mol N-Eq / kilogram
1.3% of total
3.2276e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
7.3050e-10CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0184754kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.8% of total
0.880292dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.1269e-08kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
3.1% of total
3.0494e-09disease incidence / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.000593682kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.9% of total
1.38589MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.5% of total
2.2910e-07kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.2% of total
0.111424m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.1% of total
BAFU:2025
market for water, deionised
Europe without Switzerland
water, deionised
3.16
kilogram
-
5.4987e-06mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.00159748kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.256721CTUe / kilogram
0.4% of total
1.1029e-06kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.2478e-06kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.0657e-05mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
2.2047e-12CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
7.9364e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.00222283kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.0239506dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.0989e-09kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.3% of total
5.5310e-11disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
3.7708e-06kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0362199MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.0% of total
2.6278e-08kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.00152888m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market group for heat, district or industrial, natural gas
GLO
heat, district or industrial, natural gas
0.93
megajoule
-
5.0225e-05mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0835215kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.4% of total
0.271991CTUe / kilogram
0.4% of total
2.9454e-06kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
2.0539e-05kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.2% of total
0.000199816mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.2% of total
1.0061e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.7281e-10CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.00659009kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.3% of total
0.0726283dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
2.5467e-09kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.7% of total
3.1182e-10disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.000114979kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.2% of total
1.37109MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.5% of total
2.7085e-08kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.019564m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market group for transport, freight train
GLO
transport, freight train
0.46
ton kilometer
-
8.5120e-05mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0123041kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.0399681CTUe / kilogram
0.1% of total
1.4371e-06kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
4.1595e-05kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.3% of total
0.000442051mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.3% of total
6.0004e-12CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
3.6578e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0163169kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.7% of total
0.0829114dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
5.8168e-10kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.2% of total
1.0267e-09disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.00012828kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.2% of total
0.312422MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.1% of total
1.3624e-08kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.005054m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
BAFU:2025
market group for transport, freight, lorry, unspecified
GLO
transport, freight, lorry, unspecified
0.08
ton kilometer
-
0.00034685mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.0833159kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.4% of total
0.217618CTUe / kilogram
0.3% of total
9.4073e-06kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.000130914kg N-Eq / kilogram
1.0% of total
0.00139995mol N-Eq / kilogram
1.1% of total
3.2353e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
7.2657e-10CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0.0166091kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.7% of total
0.64113dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
1.2842e-08kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
3.6% of total
2.7361e-09disease incidence / kilogram
0.1% of total
0.000495065kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.7% of total
1.20742MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.5% of total
2.7741e-07kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.3% of total
0.123617m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.1% of total
BAFU:2025
treatment of spent solvent mixture, hazardous waste incineration, with energy recovery
RoW
spent solvent mixture
-0.06
kilogram
-
-5.3846e-05mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-0.124408kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
-0.7% of total
-0.942575CTUe / kilogram
-1.4% of total
-1.7610e-05kg P-Eq / kilogram
-0.2% of total
-2.4622e-05kg N-Eq / kilogram
-0.2% of total
-0.000202981mol N-Eq / kilogram
-0.2% of total
-1.4518e-11CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
-3.5398e-10CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
-0.00282669kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
-0.1% of total
-0.0375233dimensionless / kilogram
0.0% of total
-3.4248e-10kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
-0.1% of total
-8.6774e-10disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
-6.2195e-05kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
-0.1% of total
-0.191835MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
-0.1% of total
-6.5695e-08kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
-0.1% of total
-0.00371977m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
Natural resources1 rowElementary flows withdrawn from the environment by this dataset.
Exchange
Reference / categories
Amount
Unit
Metadata
Climate change contribution
Transformation, from dump site, slag compartment
natural resource / land
0.47
square meter
-
0mol H+-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg CO2-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUe / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg P-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0mol N-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0CTUh / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kBq U235-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
-2102.12dimensionless / kilogram
102.6% of total
0kg CFC-11-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0disease incidence / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg NMVOC-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0MJ, net calorific value / kilogram
0.0% of total
0kg Sb-Eq / kilogram
0.0% of total
0m3 world Eq deprived / kilogram
0.0% of total
EF biosphere factor
Parameters0 source definitions · values, formulas and uncertainty.
Read-only definitions preserved with this inventory version. Values are supplied by the source; CLIC does not evaluate formulas or recalculate exchange amounts and impact scores from them.
No parameter definitions were supplied with this inventory snapshot.
Supply-chain graph
Direct technosphere and natural-resource inputs appear on the left; emissions appear on the right.
Current datasetTechnosphere inputsEnvironmental resource inputsEmissions
2 CLIC nodes
and 15 background boundary nodes shown.
Direct inputs appear to the left of the current dataset, while emissions appear to the right. Hover an arrow to inspect its amount and unit, click a blue supplier node to reveal up to three upstream steps, or click an emissions node to open its biosphere flows, then scroll or drag the canvas to navigate.
Reuse and provenance
Downloads & files
This historical version remains available for citation and download, but a newer public version is now current.
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The vanadium-production reference now expresses the selected ore, intermediate and co-product accounting consistently with its source process. Material identities, allocation and supply links follow…
Published · Latest
Show full version history table (2 versions)
Version
Published
Reason for this version
Link
Version 1.0.1
2026-11-03
The vanadium-production reference now expresses the selected ore, intermediate and co-product accounting consistently with its source process. Material identities, allocation and supply links follow the stated metallurgical boundary.
First published inventory; no earlier version is available for comparison.
Review & discussionPublication provenance, scientific review and community discussion.
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Curator-led bulk import. Public evidence is shown without participant
accounts, assignments, recommendations, or private editor notes.
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Curator-led bulk import
This inventory was restored from a public CLIC archive. Its original publication route is Curator-led bulk import; private review and workflow records were not transferred.